Topic 34: Disability & Inclusion - Bài tập trắc nghiệm
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📚 TỪ VỰNG VỀ KHUYẾT TẬT & HÒA NHẬP
🔹 Các loại khuyết tật:
• autism – tự kỷ
• palsy – bại liệt, liệt rung
• wheelchair user – người dùng xe lăn
• disability – khuyết tật
• learning difficulties / SEN – khó khăn trong học tập
• multiple sclerosis (MS) – bệnh xơ cứng rải rác
• ALS – bệnh xơ cứng teo cơ một bên (bệnh Stephen Hawking)
• autism – tự kỷ
• palsy – bại liệt, liệt rung
• wheelchair user – người dùng xe lăn
• disability – khuyết tật
• learning difficulties / SEN – khó khăn trong học tập
• multiple sclerosis (MS) – bệnh xơ cứng rải rác
• ALS – bệnh xơ cứng teo cơ một bên (bệnh Stephen Hawking)
🔹 Thuật ngữ liên quan:
• carer – người chăm sóc
• outreach – dịch vụ tiếp cận cộng đồng
• special school – trường học chuyên biệt
• care home – trung tâm chăm sóc / viện dưỡng lão
• day centre – trung tâm ban ngày
• SEN teacher – giáo viên dạy trẻ có nhu cầu đặc biệt
• Paralympic Games / Paralympics – Thế vận hội dành cho người khuyết tật
• carer – người chăm sóc
• outreach – dịch vụ tiếp cận cộng đồng
• special school – trường học chuyên biệt
• care home – trung tâm chăm sóc / viện dưỡng lão
• day centre – trung tâm ban ngày
• SEN teacher – giáo viên dạy trẻ có nhu cầu đặc biệt
• Paralympic Games / Paralympics – Thế vận hội dành cho người khuyết tật
📖 THÀNH NGỮ & CỤM TỪ HAY
- breathe a sigh of relief – thở phào nhẹ nhõm
- diagnose – chẩn đoán (danh từ: diagnosis)
- put two and two together – suy luận, kết hợp các dữ kiện để hiểu vấn đề
- go about something – bắt tay vào làm việc gì đó
- take for granted – coi là điều hiển nhiên, không trân trọng
- cater for – đáp ứng nhu cầu của ai đó
- have your work cut out – đối mặt với nhiệm vụ khó khăn
- have its moments – có những lúc thú vị / đáng giá
- on the whole – nhìn chung, tổng thể
- come to terms with – chấp nhận (điều không may mắn)
- be not for someone – không phù hợp với ai đó
🎙️ BÀI MẪU: What demands does having a disabled relative have?
👪 Question: What demands does having a disabled relative have on family members?
"My best friend's son Peter is autistic, so I can really appreciate the difficulties. When he began to walk, they started to fear the worst. He screamed all the time and tore things up. It was only when he was diagnosed with autism that they were able to put two and two together. From that moment on, the family knew they had to go about things in a different way. They changed Peter's bedroom to make it as quiet as possible. Caring for an autistic kid is a really demanding life. They look like they've aged an extra ten years."
🎙️ BÀI MẪU: Would you make a good carer?
💚 Question: Would you make a good carer? What qualities should a good carer have?
"I was a carer for a while. It wasn't for me really. I learnt to appreciate what a difficult job the staff had. You'd spend the whole day with someone and if they had behavioural problems, then you'd really have your work cut out. If they had palsy, you needed special training to use electric hoists. I must admit that being a carer did have its moments though. I really enjoyed taking them on outings. On the whole, to be a carer you need to be patient and understanding and really love helping others."
♿ 5 DIFFICULTIES A WHEELCHAIR USER MAY FACE
- At home: Need handles in bathrooms and toilets; kitchen surfaces must be lower; cupboards need to be accessible.
- Getting in/out of bath or on/off toilet: Tasks that non-disabled people take for granted become major challenges.
- Outside obstacles: Curbs, stairs, narrow doorways, and uneven pavements are difficult to navigate.
- Public transport: Buses and trains may not be wheelchair-accessible; lifts in subways can be broken.
- Social situations: Crowded places like shops or supermarkets – a wheelchair can block aisles, causing frustration from others.
🏅 PARALYMPIC GAMES
What is your opinion of the Paralympic Games?
The Paralympic Games (also called the Paralympics) are held after the Summer Olympics. Athletes with various disabilities compete in events like wheelchair basketball, blind football, para-swimming, and para-athletics. These competitors overcome enormous physical and mental challenges. They are true inspirations who prove that disability does not define a person's potential.
👉 Sample answer: "The Paralympic Games are an incredible event that showcases the strength and determination of athletes with disabilities. For example, wheelchair basketball is a sport where players have to control their chairs while shooting and defending. The challenges they overcome are huge – not just physical but also social barriers. I think they are amazing role models for everyone."
💬 CÂU HỎI THẢO LUẬN (IELTS SPEAKING)
- 1. What is your country's attitude towards the disabled or people with special needs?
- 2. Do you think people with disabilities or learning difficulties are discriminated against in your country? Give examples.
- 3. What does the government do to help people with various disabilities? Could they do more?
- 4. What places are there for the disabled or people with SEN in your country? (special schools, care homes, day centres)
- 5. Would you like to be a SEN teacher? Why or why not?
- 6. What do you think it is like for non-disabled people who become disabled during their lives? How do they come to terms with their disability?
- 7. What is your opinion of the Paralympic Games? Describe some events and challenges that competitors face.
- 8. Do people with disabilities or learning difficulties make good role models? What can we learn from them?
🎤 CHỦ ĐỀ TRANH LUẬN
Debate topic: "All public buildings should be fully accessible to wheelchair users by law."
🎯 Luyện tập: Một người bảo vệ quan điểm, người kia phản đối mọi lập luận.